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The ExpeER call for Transnational Access (TA) proposals provides a unique opportunity for research teams and individuals to access some of Europe's major research infrastructures focused on ecosystem research. Each month, we will focus on one or two of these sites.

Focus on the Whim experimental site (UK)

Whim facilities

• Whim bog offers a globally unique comparison of how the main N forms affect semi-natural vegetation, with meteorological data and treatment history since 2002.
• A quantified ammonia concentration / deposition gradient, is provided, plus a wet deposition system, comparing oxidized (NaNO3) and reduced N (NH4Cl), where treatments are meteorology dependent. ie. wind direction and rainfall frequency define the treatment exposure(~120 events y-1).
• Wet plots are large (13m²) and replicated (4).
• Opportunities exist to evaluate a whole range of ecosystem services from conservation to carbon sequestration, GHG emissions and water chemistry in addition to understanding how changes in vegetation affect the delivery of these services.

Information

WHERE ? see map
OPERATING INSTITUTE: NERC.
MAIN PURPOSE: N manipulation to separate effects of diffent N forms on peatland flora, chemistry and processes. ECOSYSTEM TYPE: Ombrotrophic bog.
EXPERIMENTAL TREATMENTS: Wet and dry N manipulation.

You can find here information about access, available facilities, supports offered and possible accomodation.

ExpeER ACCESS
HOW TO APPLY
LIST OF ExpeER TNA SITES

Contact

SUE OWEN
MATT JONES

• What are the new developments since the beginning of ExpeER?
"This year we have installed a LICOR system for continuous methane and CO2; monitoring and have also used this system for real time C flux monitoring on the plots. We have begun collecting flux data from the low N deposition plots and have CN data for soil and various species. Burial of t bags has allowed us to assess conditions for decomposition and see how N form and dose affects water soluble phenol in these materials. We have also resumed measurement of DOC and DON in soil water collected in dipwells".

ExpeER TNA accepted projects

Two projects have been accepted so far:
- Long-term effects of Nitrogen deposition in lichen ecophysiology - more
- ICARO (Isoprene emissions and pigment content in Sphagna from peatlands) -more

• How did the Whim site get visitors?
"Use of the site has been established by previous networking through conference attendance and previous collaborations… The problem with the ExpeER concept is that few researchers with the exception of students and postdocs have free time, ie most researchers have their time spoken for in delivering contractual research. We were able to target and liaise with groups we knew had the expertise and could logistically make use of the site…, ie we could  ship material in such a way that sample integrity could be preserved  to make use of the collaborators equipment or expertise. A high degree of motivation is needed from both partners especially the visitor."

Feedback

Carlos Raul Ochoa Hueso (Spain) visited the Whim site last august:
"Everything in my visit to Penicuik was great, including both the scientific and the personal environments. The people in the CEH were really kind and helpful and it was a great experience to learn how they organize and carry out their daily work." - Read all
You can also read here the feedback of Silvana Munzi (University of Lisbon, Portugal) who visited the Whim site last june.

1. Cabin - 2. RIMG - 3. Sprayer inaction.

Recent publications

Sheppard LJ, Crossley A, Leith ID et al. (2004a). An automated wet deposition system to compare the effects of reduced and oxidised N on ombrotrophic bog species: practical considerations. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution: Focus, 4, 197–205.

Sheppard LJ, Leith ID, Crossley A, van Dijk N, Fowler D, Sutton MA, Woods C (2008). Stress responses of Calluna vulgaris to reduced and oxidised N applied under ‘real world conditions’. Environmental Pollution, 154, 404–413.

Sheppard LJ, Leith ID, Crossley A, Van Dijk N, Fowler D, Sutton MA (2009). Longterm cumulative exposure exacerbates the effects of atmospheric ammonia on an ombrotrophic bog: Implications for Critical Levels. In: Atmospheric Ammonia: Detecting emission changes and environmental impacts. Results of an Expert Workshop under the Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution (eds Sutton MA, Reis S, Baker SMH), pp. 49–58. Springer, The Netherlands.

Sheppard LJ,  Leith ID,  Mizunuma T, Cape JN, Crossley A,  Leeson  S, Sutton MA, Van Dijk N, Fowler D (2011)Dry deposition of ammonia gas drives species change faster than wet deposition of ammonium ions: evidence from a long-term field manipulation. Global Change Biology 17, 3589-3607.

Sheppard LJ, Leith ID, Mizunuma T, van Dijk N, Cape JN, Sutton MA, (2011). All forms of reactive nitrogen deposition to Natura 2000 sites should not be treated equally: effects of wet versus dry and reduced versus oxidised nitrogen deposition.  In ‘Nitrogen Deposition and Natura 2000: Science & practice in determining environmental impacts Eds Hicks WK, Whitfield CP, Bealey WJ, Sutton MA. COST office 2011, 181-189.

Currey PM, Johnson D, Dawson L, van der Wal R, Thornton B, Sheppard  L, Leith I, Artz  RRE (2011). Five years of simulated atmospheric nitrogen deposition have only subtle effects on the fate of newly synthesized carbon in Calluna vulgaris and Eriophorum vaginatum. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 43, 495-502.

Focus list: Apelsvoll - Bologna - Doñana - Eifel - Fruska Gora - Hesse - Höglwald Forest - Hyytiälä - Jena - Lusignan - Moor House - Negev - Plynlimon - Puechabon - Rothamsted - Tatra Windstorm - Tetto Frati - Whim - Zöbelboden
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